What is Hyoscyamine?
Hyoscyamine produces many effects in the body, including relief from muscle spasms.
Hyoscyamine also reduces the fluid secretions of many organs and glands in the body, such as the stomach, pancreas, lungs, saliva glands, sweat glands, and nasal passages.
Hyoscyamine is used to treat many different stomach and intestinal disorders, including peptic ulcer and irritable bowel syndrome. It is also used to control muscle spasms in the bladder, kidneys, or digestive tract, and to reduce stomach acid. Hyoscyamine is sometimes used to reduce tremors and rigid muscles in people with symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.
Hyoscyamine is also used as a drying agent to control excessive salivation, runny nose, or excessive sweating.
Hyoscyamine may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.
What is the most important information I should know about Hyoscyamine?
Do not take hyoscyamine if you are allergic to it, or if you have kidney disease, a bladder or intestinal obstruction, severe ulcerative colitis, toxic megacolon, glaucoma, or myasthenia gravis.
Before taking hyoscyamine, tell your doctor if you have heart disease, congestive heart failure, a heart rhythm disorder, high blood pressure, overactive thyroid, or hiatal hernia with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
Avoid taking antacids at the same time you take hyoscyamine. Antacids can make it harder for your body to absorb hyoscyamine. If you use an antacid, take it after you have taken hyoscyamine and eaten a meal.
Hyoscyamine may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Drinking alcohol can increase drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking hyoscyamine.
Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Hyoscyamine can decrease sweating and you may be more prone to heat stroke.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking Hyoscyamine?
Do not take hyoscyamine if you are allergic to it, or if you have:
- kidney disease
- an enlarged prostate or problems with urination
- intestinal blockage
- severe ulcerative colitis, or toxic megacolon
- glaucoma; or
- myasthenia gravis
If you have any of these other conditions, you may need a hyoscyamine dose adjustment or special tests:
- heart disease, congestive heart failure
- a heart rhythm disorder
- high blood pressure
- overactive thyroid; or
- hiatal hernia with GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
FDA pregnancy category C. It is not known whether hyoscyamine will harm an unborn baby. Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant while using this medication.
Hyoscyamine can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
Hyoscyamine Side Effects
What are the possible side effects of Hyoscyamine?
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using hyoscyamine and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
- diarrhea
- confusion, hallucinations
- unusual thoughts or behavior
- fast, pounding, or uneven heart rate
- rash or flushing (warmth, redness, or tingly feeling); or
- eye pain
Less serious side effects may include:
- dizziness, drowsiness, feeling nervous
- blurred vision, headache
- sleep problems (insomnia)
- nausea, vomiting, bloating, heartburn, or constipation
- changes in taste
- problems with urination
- decreased sweating
- dry mouth; or
- impotence, loss of interest in sex, or trouble having an orgasm
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
Hyoscyamine Interactions
What other drugs affect Hyoscyamine?
Tell your doctor about all other medicines you use, especially:
- amantadine (Symmetrel)
- haloperidol (Haldol)
- an MAO inhibitor such as furazolidone (Furoxone), isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate)
- phenothiazines such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), fluphenazine (Permitil, Prolixin), perphenazine (Trilafon), prochlorperazine (Compazine, Compro), promethazine (Pentazine, Phenergan, Anergan, Antinaus), thioridazine (Mellaril), or trifluoperazine (Stelazine); or
- an antidepressant such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Vanatrip), doxepin (Sinequan), desipramine (Norpramin), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), and others
This list is not complete and other drugs may interact with hyoscyamine. Tell your doctor about all medications you use. This includes prescription, over-the-counter, vitamin, and herbal products. Do not start a new medication without telling your doctor.
What should I avoid while taking Hyoscyamine?
Avoid taking antacids at the same time you take hyoscyamine. Antacids can make it harder for your body to absorb hyoscyamine. If you use an antacid, take it after you have taken hyoscyamine and eaten a meal.
Hyoscyamine may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be alert.
Drinking alcohol can increase drowsiness and dizziness while you are taking hyoscyamine.
Avoid becoming overheated or dehydrated during exercise and in hot weather. Hyoscyamine can decrease sweating and you may be more prone to heat stroke.
Hyoscyamine Dosage
How should I take Hyoscyamine?
Take exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not take in larger or smaller amounts or for longer than recommended. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Your medication may come with patient instructions for safe and effective use. Follow these directions carefully. Ask your doctor or pharmacist if you have any questions.
Do not crush, chew, or open an extended-release tablet or capsule. It is specially made to release medicine slowly in the body. Breaking or crushing the pill would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time. Your doctor may want you to break an extended-release tablet and take only half of it. Follow your doctor’s instructions.
Measure the oral liquid form of hyoscyamine with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
The sublingual tablet form of this medication must be placed under the tongue, where it will dissolve. Do not swallow the sublingual tablet whole or wash it down with water. You may drink water after the pill has completely dissolved in your mouth.
Before using hyoscyamine oral spray for the first time, you must prime the spray pump. To do this, spray 3 test sprays into the air and away from your face. Prime the spray pump at least 1 test spray any time you have not used the oral spray for longer than 2 days. Spray until a fine mist appears.
After using the oral spray, try not to swallow right away. Do not rinse your mouth or spit for 5 to 10 minutes after using the oral spray.
Hyoscyamine is usually taken before a meal. Follow your doctor’s instructions.
Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Do not use hyoscyamine oral spray for more than 30 sprays, even if there is medicine still left in the bottle.
What happens if I overdose on Hyoscyamine?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
Overdose symptoms may include headache, dizziness, dry mouth, trouble swallowing, nausea, vomiting, blurred vision, hot dry skin, and feeling restless or nervous.
What happens if I miss a dose of Hyoscyamine?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Sourced from everydayhealth.com